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Merge branch 'main' into improve_instruction

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pull/2/head
Chris Boesch 1 year ago committed by GitHub
parent a5485bb8a2 df833e61e8
commit b6b78c628c
3 changed files with 211 additions and 69 deletions
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188
build.zig
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@ -15,8 +15,7 @@ const print = std.debug.print;
pub const Exercise = struct { pub const Exercise = struct {
/// main_file must have the format key_name.zig. /// main_file must have the format key_name.zig.
/// The key will be used as a shorthand to build /// The key will be used as a shorthand to build just one example.
/// just one example.
main_file: []const u8, main_file: []const u8,
/// This is the desired output of the program. /// This is the desired output of the program.
@ -25,14 +24,14 @@ pub const Exercise = struct {
output: []const u8, output: []const u8,
/// This is an optional hint to give if the program does not succeed. /// This is an optional hint to give if the program does not succeed.
hint: []const u8 = "", hint: ?[]const u8 = null,
/// By default, we verify output against stderr. /// By default, we verify output against stderr.
/// Set this to true to check stdout instead. /// Set this to true to check stdout instead.
check_stdout: bool = false, check_stdout: bool = false,
/// This exercise makes use of C functions /// This exercise makes use of C functions.
/// We need to keep track of this, so we compile with libc /// We need to keep track of this, so we compile with libc.
link_libc: bool = false, link_libc: bool = false,
/// This exercise is not supported by the current Zig compiler. /// This exercise is not supported by the current Zig compiler.
@ -47,13 +46,14 @@ pub const Exercise = struct {
/// "zero padding" removed. /// "zero padding" removed.
/// For example, "001_hello.zig" has the key "1". /// For example, "001_hello.zig" has the key "1".
pub fn key(self: Exercise) []const u8 { pub fn key(self: Exercise) []const u8 {
const end_index = std.mem.indexOfScalar(u8, self.main_file, '_'); // Main file must be key_description.zig.
assert(end_index != null); // main file must be key_description.zig const end_index = std.mem.indexOfScalar(u8, self.main_file, '_') orelse
unreachable;
// remove zero padding by advancing index past '0's // Remove zero padding by advancing index past '0's.
var start_index: usize = 0; var start_index: usize = 0;
while (self.main_file[start_index] == '0') start_index += 1; while (self.main_file[start_index] == '0') start_index += 1;
return self.main_file[start_index..end_index.?]; return self.main_file[start_index..end_index];
} }
/// Returns the exercise key as an integer. /// Returns the exercise key as an integer.
@ -63,12 +63,12 @@ pub const Exercise = struct {
/// Returns the CompileStep for this exercise. /// Returns the CompileStep for this exercise.
pub fn addExecutable(self: Exercise, b: *Build, work_path: []const u8) *CompileStep { pub fn addExecutable(self: Exercise, b: *Build, work_path: []const u8) *CompileStep {
const file_path = join(b.allocator, &.{ work_path, self.main_file }) catch const path = join(b.allocator, &.{ work_path, self.main_file }) catch
@panic("OOM"); @panic("OOM");
return b.addExecutable(.{ return b.addExecutable(.{
.name = self.name(), .name = self.name(),
.root_source_file = .{ .path = file_path }, .root_source_file = .{ .path = path },
.link_libc = self.link_libc, .link_libc = self.link_libc,
}); });
} }
@ -254,22 +254,16 @@ const ZiglingStep = struct {
} }
const exe_path = self.compile(prog_node) catch { const exe_path = self.compile(prog_node) catch {
if (self.exercise.hint.len > 0) { if (self.exercise.hint) |hint|
print("\n{s}HINT: {s}{s}", .{ print("\n{s}HINT: {s}{s}", .{ bold_text, hint, reset_text });
bold_text, self.exercise.hint, reset_text,
});
}
self.help(); self.help();
std.os.exit(1); std.os.exit(1);
}; };
self.run(exe_path, prog_node) catch { self.run(exe_path, prog_node) catch {
if (self.exercise.hint.len > 0) { if (self.exercise.hint) |hint|
print("\n{s}HINT: {s}{s}", .{ print("\n{s}HINT: {s}{s}", .{ bold_text, hint, reset_text });
bold_text, self.exercise.hint, reset_text,
});
}
self.help(); self.help();
std.os.exit(1); std.os.exit(1);
@ -322,9 +316,11 @@ const ZiglingStep = struct {
} }
// Validate the output. // Validate the output.
const output = std.mem.trimRight(u8, raw_output, " \r\n"); // NOTE: exercise.output can never contain a CR character.
const exercise_output = std.mem.trimRight(u8, self.exercise.output, " \r\n"); // See https://ziglang.org/documentation/master/#Source-Encoding.
if (!std.mem.eql(u8, output, exercise_output)) { const output = try trimLines(b.allocator, raw_output);
const exercise_output = self.exercise.output;
if (!std.mem.eql(u8, output, self.exercise.output)) {
const red = red_text; const red = red_text;
const reset = reset_text; const reset = reset_text;
@ -562,6 +558,26 @@ fn resetLine() void {
if (use_color_escapes) print("{s}", .{"\x1b[2K\r"}); if (use_color_escapes) print("{s}", .{"\x1b[2K\r"});
} }
/// Remove trailing whitespace for each line in buf, also ensuring that there
/// are no trailing LF characters at the end.
pub fn trimLines(allocator: std.mem.Allocator, buf: []const u8) ![]const u8 {
var list = try std.ArrayList(u8).initCapacity(allocator, buf.len);
var iter = std.mem.split(u8, buf, " \n");
while (iter.next()) |line| {
// TODO: trimming CR characters is probably not necessary.
const data = std.mem.trimRight(u8, line, " \r");
try list.appendSlice(data);
try list.append('\n');
}
const result = try list.toOwnedSlice(); // TODO: probably not necessary
// Remove the trailing LF character, that is always present in the exercise
// output.
return std.mem.trimRight(u8, result, "\n");
}
// Print a message to stderr. // Print a message to stderr.
const PrintStep = struct { const PrintStep = struct {
step: Step, step: Step,
@ -623,7 +639,7 @@ const SkipStep = struct {
// Check that each exercise number, excluding the last, forms the sequence // Check that each exercise number, excluding the last, forms the sequence
// `[1, exercise.len)`. // `[1, exercise.len)`.
// //
// Additionally check that the output field does not contain trailing whitespace. // Additionally check that the output field lines doesn't have trailing whitespace.
fn validate_exercises() bool { fn validate_exercises() bool {
// Don't use the "multi-object for loop" syntax, in order to avoid a syntax // Don't use the "multi-object for loop" syntax, in order to avoid a syntax
// error with old Zig compilers. // error with old Zig compilers.
@ -643,13 +659,16 @@ fn validate_exercises() bool {
return false; return false;
} }
const output = std.mem.trimRight(u8, ex.output, " \r\n"); var iter = std.mem.split(u8, ex.output, "\n");
if (output.len != ex.output.len) { while (iter.next()) |line| {
print("exercise {s} output field has extra trailing whitespace\n", .{ const output = std.mem.trimRight(u8, line, " \r");
ex.main_file, if (output.len != line.len) {
}); print("exercise {s} output field lines have trailing whitespace\n", .{
ex.main_file,
});
return false; return false;
}
} }
if (!std.mem.endsWith(u8, ex.main_file, ".zig")) { if (!std.mem.endsWith(u8, ex.main_file, ".zig")) {
@ -666,7 +685,14 @@ const exercises = [_]Exercise{
.{ .{
.main_file = "001_hello.zig", .main_file = "001_hello.zig",
.output = "Hello world!", .output = "Hello world!",
.hint = "DON'T PANIC!\nRead the error above.\nSee how it has something to do with 'main'?\nOpen up the source file as noted and read the comments.\nYou can do this!\n", .hint =
\\DON'T PANIC!
\\Read the error above.
\\See how it has something to do with 'main'?
\\Open up the source file as noted and read the comments.
\\You can do this!
\\
,
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "002_std.zig", .main_file = "002_std.zig",
@ -694,7 +720,11 @@ const exercises = [_]Exercise{
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "007_strings2.zig", .main_file = "007_strings2.zig",
.output = "Ziggy played guitar\nJamming good with Andrew Kelley\nAnd the Spiders from Mars", .output =
\\Ziggy played guitar
\\Jamming good with Andrew Kelley
\\And the Spiders from Mars
,
.hint = "Please fix the lyrics!", .hint = "Please fix the lyrics!",
}, },
.{ .{
@ -825,7 +855,13 @@ const exercises = [_]Exercise{
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "036_enums2.zig", .main_file = "036_enums2.zig",
.output = "<p>\n <span style=\"color: #ff0000\">Red</span>\n <span style=\"color: #00ff00\">Green</span>\n <span style=\"color: #0000ff\">Blue</span>\n</p>", .output =
\\<p>
\\ <span style="color: #ff0000">Red</span>
\\ <span style="color: #00ff00">Green</span>
\\ <span style="color: #0000ff">Blue</span>
\\</p>
,
.hint = "I'm feeling blue about this.", .hint = "I'm feeling blue about this.",
}, },
.{ .{
@ -834,7 +870,10 @@ const exercises = [_]Exercise{
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "038_structs2.zig", .main_file = "038_structs2.zig",
.output = "Character 1 - G:20 H:100 XP:10\nCharacter 2 - G:10 H:100 XP:20", .output =
\\Character 1 - G:20 H:100 XP:10
\\Character 2 - G:10 H:100 XP:20
,
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "039_pointers.zig", .main_file = "039_pointers.zig",
@ -855,7 +894,10 @@ const exercises = [_]Exercise{
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "043_pointers5.zig", .main_file = "043_pointers5.zig",
.output = "Wizard (G:10 H:100 XP:20)\n Mentor: Wizard (G:10000 H:100 XP:2340)", .output =
\\Wizard (G:10 H:100 XP:20)
\\ Mentor: Wizard (G:10000 H:100 XP:2340)
,
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "044_quiz5.zig", .main_file = "044_quiz5.zig",
@ -896,7 +938,10 @@ const exercises = [_]Exercise{
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "052_slices.zig", .main_file = "052_slices.zig",
.output = "Hand1: A 4 K 8 \nHand2: 5 2 Q J", .output =
\\Hand1: A 4 K 8
\\Hand2: 5 2 Q J
,
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "053_slices2.zig", .main_file = "053_slices2.zig",
@ -963,7 +1008,11 @@ const exercises = [_]Exercise{
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "068_comptime3.zig", .main_file = "068_comptime3.zig",
.output = "Minnow (1:32, 4 x 2)\nShark (1:16, 8 x 5)\nWhale (1:1, 143 x 95)", .output =
\\Minnow (1:32, 4 x 2)
\\Shark (1:16, 8 x 5)
\\Whale (1:1, 143 x 95)
,
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "069_comptime4.zig", .main_file = "069_comptime4.zig",
@ -971,7 +1020,9 @@ const exercises = [_]Exercise{
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "070_comptime5.zig", .main_file = "070_comptime5.zig",
.output = "\"Quack.\" ducky1: true, \"Squeek!\" ducky2: true, ducky3: false", .output =
\\"Quack." ducky1: true, "Squeek!" ducky2: true, ducky3: false
,
.hint = "Have you kept the wizard hat on?", .hint = "Have you kept the wizard hat on?",
}, },
.{ .{
@ -1022,7 +1073,9 @@ const exercises = [_]Exercise{
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "082_anonymous_structs3.zig", .main_file = "082_anonymous_structs3.zig",
.output = "\"0\"(bool):true \"1\"(bool):false \"2\"(i32):42 \"3\"(f32):3.14159202e+00", .output =
\\"0"(bool):true "1"(bool):false "2"(i32):42 "3"(f32):3.14159202e+00
,
.hint = "This one is a challenge! But you have everything you need.", .hint = "This one is a challenge! But you have everything you need.",
}, },
.{ .{
@ -1076,7 +1129,12 @@ const exercises = [_]Exercise{
.{ .{
.main_file = "092_interfaces.zig", .main_file = "092_interfaces.zig",
.output = "Daily Insect Report:\nAnt is alive.\nBee visited 17 flowers.\nGrasshopper hopped 32 meters.", .output =
\\Daily Insect Report:
\\Ant is alive.
\\Bee visited 17 flowers.
\\Grasshopper hopped 32 meters.
,
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "093_hello_c.zig", .main_file = "093_hello_c.zig",
@ -1106,7 +1164,40 @@ const exercises = [_]Exercise{
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "099_formatting.zig", .main_file = "099_formatting.zig",
.output = "\n X | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 \n---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+\n 1 | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 \n\n 2 | 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 \n\n 3 | 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 \n\n 4 | 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 \n\n 5 | 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 \n\n 6 | 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 78 84 90 \n\n 7 | 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 98 105 \n\n 8 | 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120 \n\n 9 | 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 108 117 126 135 \n\n10 | 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 \n\n11 | 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 110 121 132 143 154 165 \n\n12 | 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144 156 168 180 \n\n13 | 13 26 39 52 65 78 91 104 117 130 143 156 169 182 195 \n\n14 | 14 28 42 56 70 84 98 112 126 140 154 168 182 196 210 \n\n15 | 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225", .output =
\\
\\ X | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
\\---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
\\ 1 | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
\\
\\ 2 | 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
\\
\\ 3 | 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45
\\
\\ 4 | 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60
\\
\\ 5 | 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
\\
\\ 6 | 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 78 84 90
\\
\\ 7 | 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 98 105
\\
\\ 8 | 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120
\\
\\ 9 | 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 108 117 126 135
\\
\\10 | 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150
\\
\\11 | 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 110 121 132 143 154 165
\\
\\12 | 12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 132 144 156 168 180
\\
\\13 | 13 26 39 52 65 78 91 104 117 130 143 156 169 182 195
\\
\\14 | 14 28 42 56 70 84 98 112 126 140 154 168 182 196 210
\\
\\15 | 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 150 165 180 195 210 225
,
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "100_for4.zig", .main_file = "100_for4.zig",
@ -1114,10 +1205,19 @@ const exercises = [_]Exercise{
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "101_for5.zig", .main_file = "101_for5.zig",
.output = "1. Wizard (Gold: 25, XP: 40)\n2. Bard (Gold: 11, XP: 17)\n3. Bard (Gold: 5, XP: 55)\n4. Warrior (Gold: 7392, XP: 21)", .output =
\\1. Wizard (Gold: 25, XP: 40)
\\2. Bard (Gold: 11, XP: 17)
\\3. Bard (Gold: 5, XP: 55)
\\4. Warrior (Gold: 7392, XP: 21)
,
}, },
.{ .{
.main_file = "999_the_end.zig", .main_file = "999_the_end.zig",
.output = "\nThis is the end for now!\nWe hope you had fun and were able to learn a lot, so visit us again when the next exercises are available.", .output =
\\
\\This is the end for now!
\\We hope you had fun and were able to learn a lot, so visit us again when the next exercises are available.
,
}, },
}; };

32
exercises/101_for5.zig
Unescape Escape View File

@ -79,19 +79,19 @@ pub fn main() void {
// all about: // all about:
// //
// Let's say you've been tasked with grabbing three glass // Let's say you've been tasked with grabbing three glass
// marbles, three spoons, and three feathers from a bucket. But // marbles, three spoons, and three feathers from a magic bag.
// you can't use your hands to grab them. Instead, you have a // But you can't use your hands to grab them. Instead, you must
// special marble scoop, spoon magnet, and feather tongs to grab // use a marble scoop, spoon magnet, and feather tongs to grab
// each type of object. // each type of object.
// //
// Now, would you rather have: // Now, would you rather the magic bag:
// //
// A. The items layered so you have to pick up one marble, then // A. Grouped the items in clusters so you have to pick up one
// one spoon, then one feather? // marble, then one spoon, then one feather?
// //
// OR // OR
// //
// B. The items separated by type so you can pick up all of the // B. Grouped the items by type so you can pick up all of the
// marbles at once, then all the spoons, then all of the // marbles at once, then all the spoons, then all of the
// feathers? // feathers?
// //
@ -103,14 +103,16 @@ pub fn main() void {
// efficient for modern CPUs. // efficient for modern CPUs.
// //
// Decades of OOP practices have steered people towards grouping // Decades of OOP practices have steered people towards grouping
// different data types together into "objects" with the hope // different data types together into mixed-type "objects" with
// that it would be friendlier to the human mind. But // the intent that these are easier on the human mind.
// data-oriented design groups data in a way that is more // Data-oriented design groups data by type in a way that is
// efficient for the computer. // easier on the computer.
// //
// In Zig terminology, the difference in groupings is sometimes // With clever language design, maybe we can have both.
// known as "Array of Structs" (AoS) versus "Struct of Arrays" //
// (SoA). // In the Zig community, you may see the difference in groupings
// presented with the terms "Array of Structs" (AoS) versus
// "Struct of Arrays" (SoA).
// //
// To envision these two designs in action, imagine an array of // To envision these two designs in action, imagine an array of
// RPG character structs, each containing three different data // RPG character structs, each containing three different data

60
test/tests.zig
Unescape Escape View File

@ -43,18 +43,17 @@ pub fn addCliTests(b: *std.Build, exercises: []const Exercise) *Step {
}); });
cmd.setName(b.fmt("zig build -Dhealed -Dn={} test", .{n})); cmd.setName(b.fmt("zig build -Dhealed -Dn={} test", .{n}));
cmd.expectExitCode(0); cmd.expectExitCode(0);
cmd.step.dependOn(&heal_step.step);
if (ex.check_stdout) { const output = if (ex.check_stdout)
expectStdOutMatch(cmd, ex.output); cmd.captureStdOut()
cmd.expectStdErrEqual(""); else
} else { cmd.captureStdErr();
expectStdErrMatch(cmd, ex.output);
cmd.expectStdOutEqual("");
}
cmd.step.dependOn(&heal_step.step); const verify = CheckNamedStep.create(b, ex, output);
verify.step.dependOn(&cmd.step);
case_step.dependOn(&cmd.step); case_step.dependOn(&verify.step);
} }
const cleanup = b.addRemoveDirTree(tmp_path); const cleanup = b.addRemoveDirTree(tmp_path);
@ -175,7 +174,7 @@ pub fn addCliTests(b: *std.Build, exercises: []const Exercise) *Step {
const cmd = b.addSystemCommand(&.{ b.zig_exe, "build", "-Dn=1" }); const cmd = b.addSystemCommand(&.{ b.zig_exe, "build", "-Dn=1" });
cmd.setName("zig build -Dn=1"); cmd.setName("zig build -Dn=1");
cmd.expectExitCode(1); cmd.expectExitCode(1);
expectStdErrMatch(cmd, exercises[0].hint); expectStdErrMatch(cmd, exercises[0].hint orelse "");
cmd.step.dependOn(case_step); cmd.step.dependOn(case_step);
@ -196,6 +195,47 @@ fn createCase(b: *Build, name: []const u8) *Step {
return case_step; return case_step;
} }
/// Checks the output of `zig build -Dn=n test`.
const CheckNamedStep = struct {
step: Step,
exercise: Exercise,
output: FileSource,
pub fn create(owner: *Build, exercise: Exercise, output: FileSource) *CheckNamedStep {
const self = owner.allocator.create(CheckNamedStep) catch @panic("OOM");
self.* = .{
.step = Step.init(.{
.id = .custom,
.name = "check-named",
.owner = owner,
.makeFn = make,
}),
.exercise = exercise,
.output = output,
};
return self;
}
fn make(step: *Step, _: *std.Progress.Node) !void {
const b = step.owner;
const self = @fieldParentPtr(CheckNamedStep, "step", step);
// Allow up to 1 MB of output capture.
const max_bytes = 1 * 1024 * 1024;
const path = self.output.getPath(b);
const raw_output = try fs.cwd().readFileAlloc(b.allocator, path, max_bytes);
const actual = try root.trimLines(b.allocator, raw_output);
const expect = self.exercise.output;
if (!mem.eql(u8, expect, actual)) {
return step.fail("{s}: expected to see \"{s}\", found \"{s}\"", .{
self.exercise.main_file, expect, actual,
});
}
}
};
/// Checks the output of `zig build` or `zig build -Dn=1 start`. /// Checks the output of `zig build` or `zig build -Dn=1 start`.
const CheckStep = struct { const CheckStep = struct {
step: Step, step: Step,

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